Thermometer-to-Binary Encoder

Verilog problems / Combinational Design

What you must build

Convert a thermometer-coded value (a run of 1s from the LSB, as produced by a flash ADC comparator bank) into its binary magnitude.

Engineers use “Thermometer-to-Binary Encoder” as a building block in combinational design. Interviewers ask for the same ports and the same corner cases this judge covers. Completing it in the browser is the same skill as writing synthesizable RTL at work, minus the EDA license.

Port contract

The judge instantiates exactly these ports. Extra ports or a different module name fail to elaborate.

How to approach this kata

This is a medium kata: you will need sequential logic or a small FSM. Decide what is registered versus combinational before you type. Reset polarity and clock edge must match the spec; the judge will fail you on the first mismatched cycle.

Hidden tests instantiate top_module, drive the ports, and compare every sample against a golden model. They do not grade coding style. They do grade X/Z, off-by-one counters, and ignoring enables. Sign in only when you want the run saved on the leaderboard — the specification below is public.

Starter shape

Copy this skeleton into the editor (or press Reset starter). Fill the body; do not rename the module.

module top_module(
  input  [7:0] therm,
  output [3:0] count
);

  // Your code here — find the position of the highest set bit, +1 (0 if therm is all-zero).

endmodule

Why this shows up in interviews

Thermometer-to-Binary Encoder sits under Combinational Design (combinational, encoder). Concept: A thermometer code (like 00011111 ) fills in 1s from the bottom up to the represented value — exactly what a bank of flash-ADC comparators naturally produces. Converting it back to binary is a priority search for the topmost set bit: in[7]?8:in[6]?7:...:in[0]?1:0 . Off-by-one here (checking in[7]?7:... instead of 8 ) undercounts every single non-zero input by exactly one.

A passing solution is synthesizable intent: no delays in the DUT, no initial blocks inside top_module, and no reference to testbench tasks. Use blocking assignments only in combinational always blocks; use non-blocking for registers clocked by clk.

Related problems

• 2-to-1 Multiplexer — Select between two 1-bit inputs using sel. When sel=0 output a; when sel=1 output b.
• 1-Bit Full Adder — Compute sum and carry-out for a + b + cin.
• 4-to-1 Multiplexer — Select one of four 1-bit inputs using a 2-bit sel. sel=00→in0, 01→in1, 10→in2, 11→in3.
• 4-to-2 Priority Encoder — Output the index of the highest-priority (MSB-most) set bit in a 4-bit input, plus a valid flag when any bit is set.

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